Building construction



Patented J une 7, 1921.

P. IVI. STEWART. BUILDING CONSTRUCTION. APPLICATION man MAR.12,1915-.

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UNITED PajENT OFFICE.

PEREZ M. STEWART, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO GERTRUDE F. STEWART, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 7, 1921.

Application led March 12, 1918. Serial No. 222,031.

T o all whom it may concern Be it known that I, PEREZ M. STEWART, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the borough of Manhattan, in the city, county, and State of New York, have invented an Improvement in Building Constructions, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like characters on the drawings representing like parts.

This invention relates to a reinforced building construction and more particularly to the roof and floors thereof, and has for its object to provide the building with a practically monolithic roof or floor which is rigidly fastened to the purlins or beams of the framework of the building at a plurality ofpoints distributed over the area of the monolithic structure, whereby a very rigid attachment of the monolithic roof or fioor against displacement is obtained.

To this end, the roof or floor is composed of a plurality of preformed slabs or sections of plastic material having metal reinforcements, and said slabs have their adjacent ends .supported by the purlins or beams and spaced apart. lVithin the spaces between the ends of adjacent slabs are located means for connecting the metal reinforcements of adjacent slabs with the purlins or beams supporting the said slabs, and said spaces are then filled with plastic material which bonds with the slabs and practically forms a monolithic structure.

The invention further'has for its object to provide extended bearing surfaces at each purlin or beam for the slabs to rest upon.

These and other features of this inven tion will be pointed out in the claims at the end of this specification.

Figure 1 represents in section a sufficient portion of a reinforced building embodying the invention to enable it to be understood.

Fig. 2, a. plan on a smaller scale of the construction shown in Fig. 1.

Figs. 3 and, d, details of the connecting member preferred by me, and

Fig. 5, a section on smaller scale of a iioor or roof embodying the invention.

To facilitate description ll will hereinafter refer to the monolithic structure as a roof.

In accordance with this invention, the roof 1s composed of a plurality of individual preformed slabs or members a of normally plasticmaterial, preferably gypsum or a composition of gypsum, cement and a filler, such as wood shavings, in about the proportions o'f 657(v of gypsum, 10% of Port land cement and 25% of wood shavings.

. lule I may prefer such a composition, 1t is not desired to limit thev invention in this respect.

.Each of the slabs or members a is provlded with a metal reinforcement, preferably consisting of a member or members 10 extended from onefside or end of the slab near the upper surface thereof, down toward the bottom of said slab and then upwardly toward the opposite side or end and near to the upper surface of the slab, as clearly shown in Figs. l and 5.

The reinforcing member 10 is preferably connected at its ends with transverse reinforcing members or rods 12 and is restrained from upward displacement by one or more intermediate transverse members or rods 13 (see Fig. 5), which has a fixed position with relation to the bottom of the slab.

The slabs a are supported by the framework of the building and as herein represented by the roof purlins in the form of I-beams 14. 1

In order to obtain a wide or extended bearing or support for the ends of adjacent slabs a, the beams 14 support metal plates or strips 15, shown in Fig. 2, as two in number but whichmay be of any desired number according to the length of the beam.

These plates extend beyond the sides of the beam for a substantial distance, so that when the slabs a are laid on the beam, a sub stantial support is obtained for the slab with a relatively narrow beam.

'I he slabs a supported by the beam 1iare spaced apart and in this space is located a member 16. preferably of sheet metal and which extends upward to near the top surfaces of the slabs a, so as to form a support for an adjusting and tying device, prefer ably in the form of a bolt 17. which is passed through the metal clips 18, which are connected with the transverse reinforcvmember 1G and the ing members or rods 1Q located at the adjacent ends of the slabs supported by the beam 14.

rl`he bolt 1T is provided as shown with the nuts 2U which engage the clips 18, and by turning which the clips can be'placed under tension. so that. the metal reinforcements of adjacent slabs may be connected b v a means also under tension, and substantially the same tension as that ot the reinforcement ofthe slabs.

'the tension members 1T, 18, and'the member 16 between adjacent slabs may be ern bedded in plastic material 122 which tills the space between the slabs and bonds to the latter so as to form a monolithic structure with a continuous metal reinforcement extended the length or width of the same structure.

The member 16 is secured to the beam 1l, and in the present instance. the member 16 is provided at its lower end with arms 2l, which'are extended in opposite directions and bent around the head ot' the beam. 'lhe arm 2l are shown separatelj7 in Fig. 3. and may be made :trom the ltlat blank shown in Fig. l. b v providing the,

latter with a cut or slit 25 to torni the arms` 2l and by providing` the blank near its site end with a hole 2li the bolt 17.

ln the present instance. the bearing; plate 15 is shown as provided with a slot 3() through which the member lll is extended. but it is not desired to limit the invention to the particular arrangement ot' plate and member for securing said plate in iied position on the beam. y

ly reference to Figs. l and 5, it will be observed that the metal reinforcements tor adjacent slabs are tied to or connected with the beam 14 which supports adjacent ends ot said slabs. and when the root' or tloor is completed b v filling the spaces between the ends of the oppol'or the passage of slabs. a monolithic structure is obtained which is anchored to the 'beams or purlins ata pluralitjv of points distributed over the area Voit the monolithic structure, and as a result the latter is lirmly tastencd against displacement to the frame otl the building.. which is ot especial importance in an inclined root construction, as any tendency ot the monolithic root to slip is mini mined.

llt ma;v be preferred to malte the member lo relatively rigid so as to not onlj7 act as a tie member tor the but also to obtain structural rigidity.

llt is preferred to malte the slabs largely ot'pypsum as described, in orderto sare weight and thereby save in the cost of the H metal framework ot" the building., and as these slabs have a low compressive Value,

the bearing or supporting plat-es are ot ralue, :lor with them wide or extended bear- .metal reinforcements ings for the slabs are obtained at a minimum ex ense.

lie invention has been described as embodied in the roof of a building. but it. is not desired to limit it in this respect.

Claims:

l. ln a. building1r constriution. inv combination, a pluralit)v ot' slabs provided with metal reinforcements and spaced apart at their adjacent ends, a beam supporting' the adjacent ends 'of said slabs, metal clips attached to the metal reiniorcements of said slabs and extended into said slabs, a bolt adjustably connecting said clips. a supporting member for said bolt secured to said beam. and a bearing plate for the adjacent ends ot' said slabs` said bearingr plate being secured in lixcd relation to said beam b v said .supporting member and extended beyond the sides oll the beam and under said slabs.

2. ln a building construction, in combination, a plurality ot slabs spaced apart at their adjacent ends and each provided with a longitudinal reinforcement extended from near the upper surface oi the slab at one enddown toward the bottom near the center thereof and then up near the upper surlace at the opposite end thereot'. and havingr the ends ot the niintorcements ot adjacent slabs extended `into the spacebetween said slabs below the upper surfaces ot the lat-ter. means located in the spaces between adjacent slabs for placing' Said longitudinal rein-forcement under tension in the slabs independently of the load to be supported bj' thc slabs and tor restraining .said reinforcement against upward movement, means tor connectingthe longitudinal reinforcements ot' adjacent slabs below the upper surfaces thereof to form a continuous tension member haring substauutialljy the same tension in adjacent slabs, and plastic material in the space between slabs tor bonding them together to torni a monolithic structure and tor corcrine,1 said .connecting means.

3. ln, a building constructiomin combination. a pluralityY ot slabs spaced apart at their adjacent ends and provided with transrerse reinforcing members located at their ends near the upper surfaces thereoie and with a transverse reinforcement located near the bottom or said slabs and with longitudinal reint'orceinents extended from the transverse reinforcement at one end ot the slab down to the bottoni reinforcement and then up to the opposite end reinforcement., and adjustable means tor connecting the upper transverse reinforcements ot adjacent slabs. l

t. ln a buildingq construction9 in combination, a plurality ot slabs prorided with metal reinforcements and spaced apart, metal support located below said slabs and pro- `vided with a flange, a bearing plate tor the the space betweeny lli@ adjacent ends of said slabs supported by said flange and located between the upper face of the metal support and said slabs and extended beyond the sides of said support and under said slabs, and a device secured to said supportand coperating with said bearing plate to secure the latter in vfixed relation to said support. A

5. In a building construction, in combination, a plurality of slabs spaced apart at their adjacent ends and provided with transverse reinforcing members located at their ends near the upper surfaces thereof and with a transverse reinforcement located near the bottom of said slabs and with longitudinal reinforcements extended from the transverse reinforcement at one end of the slab down to the bottom reinforcement and then up to the opposite end reinforcement, and means for connecting the up er transverse reinforcements of adjacent slabs.

6. In a building construction, in combination, aA plurality of slabs provided with metal reinforcements and spaced a art, a metal su port located below said s abs and provided with a flange, and a metal device cooperating with said-metal support and having a member of substantial width extended upwardly above said metal support into the space between the adjacent ends of the slabs resting on said flange.

' 7. In a building construction, in combination, a plurality of slabs spaced apart and provided with longitudinal metal reinforcements connected together in the space between said slabs to form a continuous reinforcement, a metal support for the adjacent ends of said slabs, and a device coperating with said metal support below said slabs to have a fixed relation thereto and having a member extended into the space between the slabs and cooperating with the metal reinforcement in said space to tie the reinforcement to the metal support for the slabs.

8. In a building construction, in combination, a plurality of slabs spaced apart, supports upon which the ends of adjacent slabs rest, plastic material in the s aces between said slabs and bonding the sla s together to form a monolithic structure, a metal reinforcement vfor each slab extended longitudinally thereof,means extended across the spaces between adjacent slabs for connecting the longitudinal reinforcement of each slab with that of the next adjacent slab to form a continuous longitudinal reinforcement for the monolithic structure, and means locatediin the spaces between adjacent slabs and embedded in the plastic material therein and extended at an angle to said reinforcement for connecting the longitudinal reinforcement of the monolithic structure to said supports to anchor said monolithic structure to said support at various points throughout its area.

9. In a building construction, in combination, a plurality of slabs spaced apartand provided with longitudinal metal reinforcements connected together in the space between said slabs to form a continuous reinforcement, a metal support for the adjacent ends of said slabs, and a. device coperating with said metal support below said slabs to have a fixed relation thereto and having a member extended into thespace between the slabs.

10. In a building construction, in combination, a. plurality of preformed` slabs of plastic material spaced apart, supports upon which the ends of adjacent slabs rest, plastic material above said supports in the'spaces between said slabs and bonding the slabs together to form a monolithic structure, a metal reinforcement for said monolithic structure comprising a continuous longitudinally extended reinforcement, and a transverse metal reinforcement, said longitudinal reinforcement being composed of metal members individual to said preformed slabs and connected together in the spaces between adjacent slabs below the upper surfaces of the latter and above said supports, and said transverse reinforcement being composed of end vmembers and an intermediate member individual to said preformed slabs with the end members located near the upper surfaces of said slabs and coperating with the longitudinal reinforcement thereof to restrain the latter against downward kmovement in said slabs, and with the intermediate members located` near the bottom of said slabs and coperating with the longitudinal reinforcement to restrain the latter against upwardmovement in said slabs.

11. In a building construction, in combination, a plurality of slabs spaced apart and provided with longitudinal metal reinforcements connected together in the space between said slabs and below the upper surfaces thereof to form a continuous reinforcement, transverse reinforcing members located near the Ladjacent ends of the slabs and near the upper surfaces thereof and which support the longitudinal metal reinforcements against downward movement, and a. transverse reinforcing member located near the bottom of each of said slabs between the end-reinforcing members thereof and coperating with the latter and the longitudinal reinforcement to restrain the longitudinal reinforcement a ainst upward movement and to lace the atter in adjacent slabs under su stantially the same tension independently of the load to be suported b the slabs and supports located beow saidy slabs and upon which the adjacent ends of said slabs rest.

12. In a building construction, in combination, a plurality of slabs spaced apart at their adjacent ends and provided with transverse reinforcing members located at their ends near the upper surfaces thereof and with a transverse reinforcement located near the bottom of said slabs and with longitudinal reinforcements supported by the transverse reinforcement at one end of the slab and extended down to the bottom reinforcement and then up to the opposite end reinforcement and supported by the latter, and 10 means for connecting the longitudinal rei11- foreements of adjacent slabs within the space between adjacent slabs and below the upper surfaces of the latter.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my 15 name to this specification.

PEREZ M. STEWART 

